Topdressing is the process of spreading a layer of sand or sand combined with organic material over the turf surface. The material is then redistributed by using a leveling rake or broom to move the sand from the high spots to the low spots. Topdressing evens the turf surface and helps prevent thatch build up by providing a more favorable environment via nutrient retention. Topdressing also prolongs the effects of aeration by preventing hole closure. Topdressing is done routinely on golf greens, sports fields, residential lawns, and other fine turf when soil compaction, thatch, or scalping problems develop.